post processing - How can I get a lot of detail in the face, skin as seen in this poster for The Martian?

How was this effect achieved? You can see a lot of detail on the face, skin, etc.

Is this a post-process filter or can you get this look by only playing with camera options?

Is it possible to do this using a DSLR? I have a Canon Rebel T4i.

Here is the poster for reference:

Answer

The lighting is from the sides, which you can tell from the highlights on his face, and lack of catchlights in his eyes. The light brushing across the face from the sides creates shadows in all the pores and accentuates them (as opposed to front-on lighting, used in fashion shots, that fills the pores with light, removes shadows and hides them).

Another example of side lighting is how you can see more crater detail in shots of a crescent moon than you can in a full moon, where the light is front-on and the detail just gets washed out.

And I'd say the image has been oversharpened a bit to further bring out the detail.

Here is a shot I did using lights on either side, bringing out texture in the face. I did sharpen it quite a bit, but the look is primarily due to the lighting. No make-up, no filters or special techniques, just lighting and sharpening.