I want to calculate the camera's tilt angle from a photograph, without knowing anything about the camera (or lens). Suppose I can extrapolate the vanishing points (one-point or two-point perspective):
Is it possible to determine the tilt angle? Perhaps by measuring the distance between the vanishing point(s) and the centre of the image?
Answer
In my opinion, the best way to do this is using a 3D program.
Sketchup has a special feature to mark the vanishing points of an image and that sets the camera position.
https://help.sketchup.com/es/article/3000115
The image is from Sketchup webpage.
On Blender there is an addon to do this. It is explained on this video: https://youtu.be/nb6rSMAooDs?t=2m16s
And the addon is here: https://github.com/stuffmatic/blam
Once you find the vanishing points, the horizon which is the line between them establishes the position of "eye-level" or the actual "elevation" of the camera lens. Use that as valuable information to establish "tilt" angle of camera.
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